Investigation of the Thermal Conductivity, Viscosity, and Thermal Performance of Graphene Nanoplatelet-Alumina Hybrid Nanofluid in a Differentially Heated Cavity

This paper investigates the thermophysical properties and heat transfer performance of graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) alumina hybrid nanofluids at different mixing ratios. The electrical conductivity viscosity were obtained temperatures between 15–55°C. thermal was measured 20–40°C. natural convection properties, including Nusselt number, Rayleigh coefficient, experimentally temperature gradients (20, 25, 30, 35°C) in a rectangular cavity. Mouromtseff number used to theoretically estimate all nanofluids’ forced convective results indicated that water are increased with nanomaterial. On other hand, lesser than mono-GNP nanofluids. Notwithstanding, nanofluids, GNP-alumina nanofluid ratio 50:50 75:25 found have highest viscosity, enhancing by 4.23% increasing 15.79%, compared water. Further, addition nanomaterials improved while it deteriorates mono-GNP. maximum augmentation 6.44 10.48% for Nu average h GNP-Alumina (50:50) water, respectively. study shows more effective nanofluid.